chore: fix spatialdata access in squidpy via a helper function

[selmanozleyen]

Fixes #1133 and implements the table extraction in a decorator so we won't need to ctrl+f our way to fix a similar bug when it happens

update: decided not to use a decorator as it uses metaprogramming with little to no benefit over using a function. Only plus was not adding table_key to the signature which isn't a plus imo. Explicitly typing a signature of a function is not something I consider as duplicate code

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 82.60870% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 74.45%. Comparing base (b04a951) to head (466124d).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/squidpy/gr/_build.py	79.41%	4 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
src/squidpy/gr/_niche.py	37.50%	4 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1134      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   74.05%   74.45%   +0.40%     
==========================================
  Files          39       39              
  Lines        6495     6495              
  Branches     1122     1112      -10     
==========================================
+ Hits         4810     4836      +26     
+ Misses       1230     1213      -17     
+ Partials      455      446       -9     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/squidpy/_constants/_pkg_constants.py	94.20% <100.00%> (+0.30%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_ligrec.py	78.18% <100.00%> (+0.59%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_nhood.py	81.48% <100.00%> (+3.29%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_ppatterns.py	80.43% <100.00%> (+1.55%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_ripley.py	96.49% <100.00%> (+1.70%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_sepal.py	56.20% <100.00%> (+1.13%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_utils.py	68.62% <100.00%> (+2.31%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/tl/_sliding_window.py	77.90% <100.00%> (+2.04%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_niche.py	37.53% <37.50%> (+0.99%)	⬆️
src/squidpy/gr/_build.py	88.61% <79.41%> (+0.09%)	⬆️

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