diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/definition-of-ditamaps.dita b/specification/archSpec/base/definition-of-ditamaps.dita
index 8520af87..9e6ba853 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/definition-of-ditamaps.dita
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/definition-of-ditamaps.dita
@@ -66,4 +66,3 @@ they can be used and reused in multiple different contexts.
are resolved.
-
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-attributes.dita b/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-attributes.dita
index 61da75b0..d6d7367e 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-attributes.dita
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-attributes.dita
@@ -61,8 +61,9 @@
- For more information, see .
+ For more information, see .
@@ -237,4 +238,4 @@
incorporated into both map and topic structural types.
-
+
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-processing.ditamap b/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-processing.ditamap
index 3d00deaf..b28e0ab2 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-processing.ditamap
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/ditamap-processing.ditamap
@@ -7,11 +7,6 @@
-
-
-
-
-
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/example-how-cascade-att-functions.dita b/specification/archSpec/base/example-how-cascade-att-functions.dita
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a862dbbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/example-how-cascade-att-functions.dita
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+
+
+
+ Example: How the cascade attribute functions
+ The following example illustrates how the cascade attribute can be used
+ to fine tune how the values for the platform attribute apply to topics referenced
+ in a DITA map.
+
+ Here a DITA map contains a collection of topics that apply to Windows, Linux, and Macintosh OS;
+ it also contains a topic that is only applicable to users running the application on Linux.
+ <map product="PuffinTracker" platform="win linux mac" cascade="nomerge">
+ <title>Puffin Tracking Software</title>
+ <topicref href="introduction.dita"/>
+ <topicref href="setting-up-the-product.dita"/>
+ <topicref href="linux-instructions.dita" platform="linux"/>
+</map>
+ The values of the platform attribute set at the map level cascade throughout
+ the map and apply to the introduction.dita and
+ setting-up-the-product.dita topics. However, since the value of the
+ cascade attribute is set to nomerge, the value of the
+ platform attribute for the linux-instructions.dita topic
+ does not merge with the values that cascade from above in the DITA map. The effective value of
+ the platform attribute for linux-instructions.dita is
+ linux.
+ The same results are produced by the following mark-up:
+ <map product="PuffinTracker" platform="win linux mac">
+ <title>Puffin Tracking Software</title>
+ <topicref href="introduction.dita"/>
+ <topicref href="setting-up-the-product.dita"/>
+ <topicref href="linux-instructions.dita" platform="linux" cascade="nomerge"/>
+</map>
+
+
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/generictopics.dita b/specification/archSpec/base/generictopics.dita
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b6e751d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/generictopics.dita
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+
+
+
+ Generic topics
+ The element type topic is the base topic type from which all
+ other topic types are specialized. All topics have the same basic structure.
+
+
+
+ topicsgeneric topic type
+
+
+
+
+ For authors, typed content is preferred to support consistency in writing and presentation to
+ readers. The generic topic type is best used only if authors are not trained in information
+ typing or when a specialized topic type is inappropriate. The OASIS DITA standard provides
+ several specialized topic types, including concept, task, and reference that are critical for
+ technical content development.
+ For those pursuing specialization, specialize new topic types from appropriate ancestors to
+ meet authoring and output requirements.
+
+
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/maps.ditamap b/specification/archSpec/base/maps.ditamap
index 3b375e13..9f3c994b 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/maps.ditamap
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/maps.ditamap
@@ -6,5 +6,11 @@
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/single-sourcing.dita b/specification/archSpec/base/single-sourcing.dita
index f44a48f6..e7fcb59b 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/single-sourcing.dita
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/single-sourcing.dita
@@ -70,4 +70,3 @@
renderings.
-
diff --git a/specification/archSpec/base/topics.ditamap b/specification/archSpec/base/topics.ditamap
index c1f75bb9..f81f28fe 100644
--- a/specification/archSpec/base/topics.ditamap
+++ b/specification/archSpec/base/topics.ditamap
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
+
diff --git a/specification/common/conref-file.dita b/specification/common/conref-file.dita
index 73d8c5f1..19a35e46 100644
--- a/specification/common/conref-file.dita
+++ b/specification/common/conref-file.dita
@@ -282,13 +282,14 @@ to alert more birds to the presence of your bird feeder.</shortdesc>
The attribute can also include groups of values specified using the same syntax as generalized attributes within props; see for details on grouping syntax.
The date is specified using the ISO 8601 format: YYYY-MM-DD, where YYYY is the year, MM is the month (01 to 12), and DD is the day (01-31).
- Reused error conditionsWhen located within the indexterm
- element, the sort-as element is equivalent to
- index-sort-as. It is an error for an
- indexterm element to directly contain both
- sort-as and index-sort-as
- elements.
+ Reused error conditionsWhen located
+ within the indexterm element, the
+ sort-as element is equivalent to
+ index-sort-as. It is an error for
+ an indexterm element to directly contain
+ both sort-as and
+ index-sort-as
+ elements.